知道

无论您是讲一种语言还是许多语言，您都可以帮助孩子培养对语言的热爱。您还可以履行和扩展课堂或计划的语言多样性。促进对语言学习的课堂的教室和计划有几种共同的特征。狗万app怎么下载首先，环境丰富的语言机会。其次，互动在全天发生的方式，使儿童的兴趣和焦点对语言焦点。第三，计划经验介绍儿童以不同的语言。

Environments

The work you already do to create a meaningful environment for children and youth can also help you promote language diversity. You have much of what you need already: books, art materials, drama or play materials, and classroom displays (labels, signs, etc.). You can enrich these environments by adding interesting, relevant, and diverse language.

Language is nurtured by building on what children already know. Learn about the languages spoken in the homes of the children and staff in your program. Then identify simple ways to incorporate those languages into your classroom or program space. For example, a family sign-in area can be an ideal location to add the word “Welcome” or “Hello” in the languages spoken by teachers and the families of the children in your classroom or program. Be sure to include your own home or heritage language. Ask families or coworkers for help writing the words if you are unfamiliar with a language's script or writing. Consider introducing new words for different parts of the daily schedule and writing those alongside your posted schedule. For example, you might ask a coworker who speaks Vietnamese to help you write and say the word “Nap” or “Bus” for your daily schedule.

Dramatic play (or drama/theater spaces in school-age programs) are ideal spaces to introduce multiple languages. Children can explore menus from a wide variety of restaurants (Italian, Mexican, Chinese, Indian, Thai, German, Ethiopian, etc.). If you do not live in an area with many dining options, consider downloading and printing the Spanish menus from fast food or chain restaurants. Ask coworkers or families to lend you cookbooks in a variety of languages, or visit your local library for support and ideas, such as a collection of international cookbooks.

储存良好的图书馆是任何儿童和青少年计划的重要领域，它为语言探索提供了自然空间。图片词典可以帮助孩子了解言语和语言，他们可以成为在家庭语言中为朋友或家庭写作笔记的宝贵资源。寻找有趣的国际杂志，以保留在书籍区域或写作区域。储存图书馆或书籍与双语书籍。Apply部分通过学龄为止，为婴儿推荐的双语标题书列表。

Interactions

Language is learned through talking. The only way to truly learn a language is to use it. Daily interactions with adults or other children who speak a language can help a child develop and appreciate language diversity. Nurturing adults should acknowledge children’s attempts to communicate in any language and help children persist until they are understood.

对于双语或学习英语除了家庭语言之外的儿童，重要的是要始终鼓励他们使用狗万app怎么下载家庭语言。如果您是多语言，请与您服务的孩子们分享礼品。谈话，唱歌，并每天都在你的语言中玩耍。

Planned Experiences

虽然语言学习是非常幼儿的自然，狗万app怎么下载但计划的语言体验在早期及以后至关重要。这些可以采取许多形式：

• Bilingual story time:

  A bilingual adult may read a book to a group of children in two languages. The book is usually read all the way through in one language and then read again in the second language. The adult may pause to ask questions, probe understanding, or involve the children in movement or active play related to the book. A monolingual adult may also identify books that incorporate words or phrases from another language into an English book. The adult reads and discusses the author’s choices and meanings with the children.

• 烹饪项目：

  Families or community members may lead the group in cooking traditional or favorite dishes. Ingredients, recipe steps, and memories are shared in the home language and English.

• Multilingual pen pals:

  Adults may arrange and monitor pen-pal friendships between school-agers. This can be an opportunity for children to practice their language skills and learn about other cultures and countries.

• Cultural festivals or community outings:

  Programs can make the most of the resources around them. Children and youth can participate in local cultural events, or the program can plan field trips to local cultural organizations.

• Technology exploration:

  鼓励儿童和青年与谷歌翻译等免费服务获得乐趣。这可以打开关于语言复杂性的讨论以及熟练的翻译人员所需的细微差别。例如，孩子们可以将歌词进入最喜欢的歌曲并将其翻译成他们选择的语言。将翻译翻译回谷歌翻译，并将谷歌翻译回到英语。这有时会导致有趣和有趣的翻译。智能手机或平板电脑的麦克风功能也可以是一个有趣的监督工具：教学学校 - 时髦一个短语后，让他们尝试将它发出到应用程序。让它成为一个游戏，看看应用程序如何识别他们的演讲，并准确地将其翻译成英语。

• Poetry:

  Introduce children and youth to language through poetry. The structure of poetry lends itself to creativity and experimentation with ideas and new languages. Poetry collections likeHip Hop Speaks to Childrenby Nikki Giovanni can build on children’s interests and inspire them to write about their own experiences in languages meaningful to them.

See

Watch this video to see examples of language-rich environments and experiences for infants through school-agers.

Language Diversity: Environments

Do

有很多机会支持儿童和青年计划中的语言多样性。考虑以下策略以及如何将其与儿童的日常互动中包含。

学习同源。

有许多词汇已经成为全球和erstood or that share common linguistic roots. For infants and toddlers, the sounds mama and papa are common in many languages. English-speaking preschoolers through pre-teens may enjoy discovering words they understand in non-English texts. For example, they may recognize the words dinosaurio or banana in a Spanish text. Playing audio recordings or videos of spoken language may lead to more discoveries. They may recognize that the words sherbet or sorbet derived from the Arabic sharbaht (شربات).

Build on children’s existing knowledge.

Use universal symbols recognized everywhere, such as the stop sign. Bring in pictures of stop signs from around the world. For preschool age children, offer a simple vote: “What does this sign mean? Stop or Go.” Hold discussions about the similarities and differences in language and the ways people use symbols to communicate. Work together to find more symbols from around the world that the children can “read.” With school-age children, explore a written language and encourage them to search the internet or library for information to learn about which countries and cultures use that language.

Add words to your own language.

Switch up a common routine. For example, if you usually get children’s attention by saying, “If you can hear me, touch your nose” or “clap your hands,” Try saying: “If you can hear me, touch your nariz” or “clap your manos.” Model the movements while you say the words. For older children, try introducing a new greeting each week. Look online to learn how to pronounce the greeting accurately before you teach it to the children. See if children can guess the language or guess which country uses the greeting.

Share a song, rhyme, or folktale in its original language.

通过强大的工具，了解语言和文化，如歌曲，押韵和民间专业人士。您可以自己阅读这些材料，或者您可以使用录音或在线视频。有许多资源可以帮助您识别高质量的语言材料。在本课程的探索部分中，您将了解资源以帮助您的工作。

Read, talk, and sing every day.

The best way to build a second language is to build a strong first language. Be sure you read, talk, and sing every day with each child.